![]() ![]() Blige, Meshell Ndegeocello, Jill Scott, and Erykah Badu, that put the groove back into the music and the love back into lyrics. Hip-hop feminism's musical counterpart was not in rap but in the so-called "neo-soul" movement, a genre opened up by Elliott and Hill, Mary J. At the same time, hip-hop feminism emerged in the work of writers and poets like Joan Morgan, Toni Blackman, Rha Goddess and dream hampton, offering a loyal but vocal opposition to hip-hop's ubermasculinity. Big money clearly had a distorting effect. Scantily-clad dancers seemed in endless supply, while women rappers were scarce. A decade later, successful female artists like Missy Elliott and Lauryn Hill were the exceptions rather than the rule. ![]() Others – Salt-N-Pepa, MC Lyte, Roxanne Shante – established their own personalities, equals alongside their male peers. Queen Latifah, for instance, presented herself in the Fab 5 Freddy-directed video for "Ladies First" as a matriarch, military strategist and militant. During the late 1980s, videos had been a boon to women rappers. But just as hip-hop was now crucial content for the consolidated media, media consolidation also affected hip-hop's content. It suddenly seemed difficult to remember a time when youths of color had not been represented in the media, whether as consumers or producers. Hip hop had blown out of its niche into the mainstream. ![]()
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